Koyi game da Bismuth

Bismuth karfe ne mai launin azurfa zuwa ruwan hoda mai karye da saukin murkushewa. Kaddarorin sinadaran sa suna da inganci. Bismuth yana wanzuwa a cikin yanayi a cikin nau'in ƙarfe na kyauta da ma'adanai.
1. [Nature]
Tsaftataccen bismuth ƙarfe ne mai laushi, yayin da ƙazantar bismuth ta lalace. Yana da tsayayye a zafin jiki. Babban ma'adanin sa sune bismuthinite (Bi2S5) da bismuth ocher (Bi2o5). Liquid bismuth yana faɗaɗa idan an ƙarfafa shi.
Yana da karye kuma yana da ƙarancin wutar lantarki da yanayin zafi. Bismuth selenide da telluride suna da kaddarorin semiconductor.
Karfe na Bismuth fari ne na azurfa (ruwan hoda) zuwa haske karfen rawaya mai haske, gaggauce kuma mai sauƙin murkushewa; a dakin da zafin jiki, bismuth ba ya amsa tare da oxygen ko ruwa kuma yana da kwanciyar hankali a cikin iska. Yana da ƙarancin wutar lantarki da ƙarancin zafi; A baya an yi la'akari da bismuth a matsayin mafi kwanciyar hankali tare da mafi girman adadin ƙwayar atom ɗin dangi, amma a cikin 2003, an gano cewa bismuth ba shi da ƙarfi kuma yana iya lalacewa zuwa cikin thallium-205 ta hanyar lalata α. Rabin rayuwarsa yana kusan shekaru 1.9X10^19, wanda shine sau biliyan 1 na rayuwar duniya.
2. Aikace-aikace
semiconductor
Semiconductor abubuwan da aka yi ta hanyar haɗa bismuth mai tsafta tare da tellurium, selenium, antimony, da dai sauransu da kuma ja lu'ulu'u ana amfani da su don thermocouples, ƙananan zafin jiki na wutar lantarki da kuma thermorefrigeration. Ana amfani da su don haɗa na'urorin sanyaya iska da firiji. Ana iya amfani da bismuth sulfide na wucin gadi don kera photoresistors a cikin na'urorin lantarki don ƙara hankali a cikin yankin bakan da ake iya gani.
Masana'antar Nukiliya
Ana amfani da bismuth mai tsafta azaman mai ɗaukar zafi ko mai sanyaya a cikin injinan masana'antar nukiliya da kuma azaman abu don kare na'urorin fission atomic.
Lantarki Ceramics
Bismuth-dauke da lantarki yumbu irin su bismuth germanate lu'ulu'u ne wani sabon nau'i na scintillating lu'ulu'u da ake amfani da a yi na nukiliya radiation ganowa, X-ray tomography scanners, electro-optics, piezoelectric Laser da sauran na'urorin; bismuth calcium vanadium (ruman ferrite muhimmin abu ne na microwave gyromagnetic abu da magnetic cladding abu), bismuth oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors, bismuth-dauke da iyaka Layer high-frequency yumbu capacitors, tin-bismuth dindindin maganadiso, bismuthsmuth powdered titanate, bismuthmuth titanate. lu'ulu'u na silicate, gilashin fusible mai ɗauke da bismuth da wasu kayan fiye da 10 suma an fara amfani da su a masana'antu.
Maganin lafiya
Magungunan Bismuth suna da tasirin astringency, antidiarrhea, da kuma maganin dyspepsia na ciki. Bismuth subcarbonate, bismuth subnitrate, da potassium bismuth subrubberate ana amfani da su don yin magungunan ciki. Ana amfani da tasirin astringent na magungunan bismuth a cikin tiyata don magance rauni da dakatar da zubar jini. A cikin aikin rediyo, ana amfani da allunan tushen bismuth maimakon aluminium don yin faranti masu kariya ga marasa lafiya don hana wasu sassan jiki daga fallasa su zuwa radiation. Tare da haɓaka magungunan bismuth, an gano cewa wasu magungunan bismuth suna da tasirin cutar kansa.
Ƙarfe Additives
Ƙara adadin bismuth zuwa karfe na iya inganta kayan sarrafa ƙarfen, kuma ƙara adadin bismuth zuwa simintin ƙarfe na iya sa ya kasance yana da kaddarorin kama da na bakin karfe.