Karanta game da Bismuth

Bismuth ƙarfe ne mai launin azurfa daga fari zuwa ruwan hoda wanda yake da rauni kuma mai sauƙin niƙawa. Sifofin sinadarai nasa suna da ƙarfi sosai. Bismuth yana wanzuwa a yanayi a cikin nau'in ƙarfe da ma'adanai marasa amfani.
1. [Yanayi]
Bismuth tsantsa ƙarfe ne mai laushi, yayin da bismuth mara tsarki yana da rauni. Yana da ƙarfi a zafin ɗaki. Manyan ma'adanai sune bismuthinite (Bi2S5) da bismuth ocher (Bi2o5). Bismuth mai ruwa yana faɗaɗa idan ya taurare.
Yana da rauni kuma yana da ƙarancin wutar lantarki da kuma ƙarfin zafi. Bismuth selenide da telluride suna da halayen semiconductor.
Bismuth ƙarfe ne mai launin azurfa (ruwan hoda) zuwa rawaya mai haske, mai karyewa kuma mai sauƙin niƙawa; a zafin ɗaki, bismuth ba ya amsawa da iskar oxygen ko ruwa kuma yana da ƙarfi a cikin iska. Yana da ƙarancin wutar lantarki da wutar lantarki; a da an yi la'akari da bismuth a matsayin sinadari mafi karko tare da mafi girman nauyin atomic, amma a cikin 2003, an gano cewa bismuth yana da rauni sosai kuma yana iya lalacewa zuwa thallium-205 ta hanyar lalata α. Rabin rayuwarsa yana kimanin shekaru 1.9X10^19, wanda shine sau biliyan 1 na rayuwar duniya.
2. Aikace-aikacen
semiconductor
Ana amfani da sassan Semiconductor da aka yi ta hanyar haɗa bismuth mai tsarki da tellurium, selenium, antimony, da sauransu da kuma lu'ulu'u masu jan ƙarfe don thermocouples, samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin zafin jiki da kuma sanyaya zafi. Ana amfani da su don haɗa na'urorin sanyaya iska da firiji. Ana iya amfani da bismuth sulfide na wucin gadi don ƙera masu hana daukar hoto a cikin na'urorin daukar hoto don ƙara yawan jin daɗin yankin da ake iya gani.
Masana'antar Nukiliya
Ana amfani da bismuth mai tsarki sosai a matsayin mai ɗaukar zafi ko mai sanyaya a cikin na'urorin sarrafa nukiliya da kuma kayan kariya daga na'urorin fashewar atomic.
Gilashin Lantarki
Tukwanen lantarki masu ɗauke da bismuth kamar lu'ulu'u na bismuth germanate wani sabon nau'in lu'ulu'u ne masu ƙyalli da ake amfani da su wajen kera na'urorin gano hasken nukiliya, na'urorin daukar hoton X-ray, na'urorin lantarki, na'urorin lasers na piezoelectric da sauran na'urori; bismuth calcium vanadium (ferrite na pomegranate muhimmin abu ne na microwave gyromagnetic da kayan rufe maganadisu), bismuth oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors, bismuth-containing boundary layer high-frequency seramiki capacitors, tin-bismuth permanent magnets, bismuth titanate ceramics and powders, bismuth silicate crystals, bismuth-fusible glass da sauran kayayyaki sama da 10 suma an fara amfani da su a masana'antu.
Jinya ta likita
Sinadaran Bismuth suna da tasirin astringency, maganin gudawa, da kuma maganin dyspepsia na ciki. Ana amfani da Bismuth subcarbonate, bismuth subnitrate, da potassium bismuth subrubberate don yin magungunan ciki. Ana amfani da tasirin astringent na magungunan bismuth a tiyata don magance rauni da kuma dakatar da zubar jini. A cikin maganin radiation, ana amfani da gami da bismuth maimakon aluminum don yin faranti masu kariya ga marasa lafiya don hana wasu sassan jiki fuskantar radiation. Tare da haɓaka magungunan bismuth, an gano cewa wasu magungunan bismuth suna da tasirin anti-cancer.
Ƙarin Ƙarfe
Ƙara ƙaramin adadin bismuth a cikin ƙarfe zai iya inganta halayen sarrafa ƙarfen, kuma ƙara ƙaramin adadin bismuth a cikin ƙarfen siminti mai laushi zai iya sa ya sami halaye iri ɗaya da na bakin ƙarfe.