Tsarkakewar sinadarin selenium mai tsarki (≥99.999%) ya ƙunshi haɗakar hanyoyin zahiri da na sinadarai don cire ƙazanta kamar Te, Pb, Fe, da As. Waɗannan su ne manyan hanyoyin aiki da sigogi:
1. Na'urar tace iska
Gudun Tsarin Aiki:
1. Sanya ɗanyen selenium (≥99.9%) a cikin wani bututun quartz a cikin tanderun na'urar tacewa ta injin.
2. A dumama zuwa 300-500°C a ƙarƙashin injin tsotsa (1-100 Pa) na tsawon mintuna 60-180.
3. Tururin selenium yana taruwa a cikin na'urar sanyaya daki mai matakai biyu (ƙasa da ƙasa tare da ƙwayoyin Pb/Cu, matakin sama don tattara selenium).
4. Tattara selenium daga babban na'urar dumama abinci;碲(Te) da sauran ƙazanta masu zafi suna nan a matakin ƙasa.
Sigogi:
- Zafin jiki: 300-500°C
- Matsi: 1-100 Pa
- Kayan matsewa: Quartz ko bakin karfe.
2. Tsarkakewar Sinadarai + Rage Narkewar Injin
Gudun Tsarin Aiki:
1. Konewar Iskar Oxidation: React da ɗanyen selenium (99.9%) da O₂ a 500°C don samar da iskar gas ta SeO₂ da TeO₂.
2. Cirewar sinadaran da ke narkewa: A narkar da SeO₂ a cikin ruwan ethanol, a tace ruwan da ke fitowa daga TeO₂.
3. Ragewa: Yi amfani da hydrazine (N₂H₄) don rage SeO₂ zuwa sinadarin selenium.
4. Deep De-Te: A sake shafa sinadarin selenium a SeO₄²⁻, sannan a cire Te ta amfani da cirewar sinadaran da ke narkewa.
5. Tsaftace Tsaftace Tsaftace Karshe: Tsaftace sinadarin selenium a zafin 300-500°C da 1-100 Pa don cimma tsarkin 6N (99.9999%).
Sigogi:
- Zafin iskar oxygen: 500°C
- Yawan shan Hydrazine: Yawan shan da ya wuce kima don tabbatar da rage yawan shan maganin.
3. Tsarkakewar Electrolytic
Gudun Tsarin Aiki:
1. Yi amfani da na'urar electrolyte (misali, sinadarin selenous) mai yawan yanzu na 5-10 A/dm².
2. Selenium yana taruwa a kan cathode, yayin da selenium oxides ke taruwa a anode.
Sigogi:
- Yawan yanzu: 5-10 A/dm²
- Electrolyte: Selenous acid ko maganin selenate.
4. Cirewar sinadarin da ke narkewa
Gudun Tsarin Aiki:
1. Cire Se⁴⁺ daga maganin ta amfani da TBP (tributyl phosphate) ko TOA (trioctylamine) a cikin hydrochloric ko sulfuric acid media.
2. A cire sinadarin selenium sannan a tace shi, sannan a sake yin amfani da shi.
Sigogi:
- Mai Cirewa: TBP (HCl matsakaici) ko TOA (H₂SO₄ matsakaici)
- Adadin matakai: 2-3.
5. Narkewar Yanki
Gudun Tsarin Aiki:
1. A riƙa narkar da sinadarin selenium akai-akai domin cire ƙazanta daga jiki.
2. Ya dace da samun tsarkin >5N daga kayan farawa masu tsabta.
Lura: Yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman kuma yana buƙatar makamashi mai yawa.
Shawarar Hoto
Don ganin abubuwan da aka gani, duba waɗannan alkaluma daga adabi:
- Saita Injin Distillation: Tsarin tsarin na'urar sanyaya daki mai matakai biyu.
- Zane-zanen Mataki na Se-Te: Yana nuna ƙalubalen rabuwa saboda matsi mai ƙarfi.
Nassoshi
- Tsarin tacewa da sinadarai na injin:
- Haɓakar electrolytic da kuma narkewar sinadarai:
- Dabaru da ƙalubale masu tasowa:
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-21-2025